Staircase From marking to Finishing
Staircase is an important structural part in construction. It allows user to go further floors. Staircase must be constructed in proper way. Otherwise, User can not feel comfortable in using other further floors.
I mean that staircase have certain limitation. What are they?
- Each flight having Steps not more than 12 nos
- Riser should not more than 7'' and not less than 5''
- Tread must be not less than 9''.
- Height of the handrail must be exactly 2'6''.
- What ever may the number of flight and length of flight, but each flight must have a landing after 12 steps
- width of staircase must be at least 3'0'' for residence and 4'0'' for public.
Here I have given a example of finished staircase.
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| Staircase finished |
The above staircase satisfies the above said limits or rules.
- 1st flight having 12 steps.
- Height of the Riser is 7''
- Tread width is 11'' and 12'' including nosing.
- Height of the handrail is 2'6''.
- You can notice that there is landing after 12 steps.
- Width of the staircase is 3'0''.
How to achieve the correct and perfect staircase?
I have here explained step by step procedure from marking to finishing a staircase. You just follow them. Then you can make perfect staircase.
Planning a Staircase in Drawing:
Before starting a construction, You should plan in drawing that where a staircase should be located? How many Number of Riser and Tread?
Very important point What is the Roof height (Height from Ground floor finish level to First floor finish level). Number riser can be arrived by dividing the Roof height by Height of the Riser. Suppose If your Your Roof height is 10'6'' ( Ceiling 10'1'' + roof thickness 5'') and Riser height is 7''. Then You can get number steps are 18 ( 10'6''/7'' = 18 nos). You should adjust the ceiling height for Rounded number of riser ( No fractional number for steps number). suppose if you have roof height as 10'0'' and riser height as 7''. You will get ( 10'0''/7''= 17.14 nos). This value is a fractional. So you should adjust your roofing height to get round numbers. Got it?
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| Planning a staircase in floor plan |
Marking a staircase:
After reaching ground floor roof level before placing roof slab. Marking of staircase in concerned wall. In our case, we can take west wall for 1st flight and North wall for 2nd flight.We can understand how to mark the staircase by following the diagram. Mark the vertical lines for required Tread width interval( 11 inch) by using plump. Mark the horizontal lines for 7'' interval.
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| staircase tread,riser and landing marking |
After marking Vertical and horizontal lines, You can draw Tread and Riser from floor to roof.
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| staircase flight marking |
After Drawing the Steps, Connect all bottom joint by a sloping line. From that sloping line draw another parallel line for a flight slab thickness of 6''( 5'' for flight slab + 1'' extra provision for brick steps placing).
Centring, shuttering and bar bending for staircase:
Make a proper centring work and place the reinforcement over it. Please follow the main rod curtailment and distributor as in the following diagram.Please note that scissor rod arrangement in each landing.
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| Reinforcement details in staircase |
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| Reinforcement details in staircase |
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| Reinforcement details in staircase |
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| Reinforcement details in staircase |
Placing waist slab:
After the reinforcement work completion, Place m20 mix concrete. After 21 days proper curing stages after 21 days we can remove the shuttering work.
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| staircase waist slab placing |
Brick masonry for steps:
Now, we can build riser and tread with brick masonry in cm 1;5. Maintain Level and plump using tube level and plump pop respectively.
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| brick masonry for staircase |
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| brick masonry for staircase |
Finishing with Marble, granite etc:
Use good quality of Granite or marble to finish. Giving nosing edge will provide good look.There are various designs of nosing. After finishing granite work, complete remaining ceiling plastering in cm 1;3.
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| staircase finishing with granite having full nosing |
Fixing Hand rail:
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| staircase with stainless steel handrail |
There are so many options available in market for Handrails like stainless handrail, Wrought iron, MS grill, wooden finishing. choose best one and apply it.
Okay, Friends. This is end of article. Hope all you understand the staircase.
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